Make `TagHelperOutput` an `IHtmlContent`.

- This allows users to write `TagHelperOutput` directly to an `IHtmlContent` accepting `TextWriter`.
- This also enables us to inspect backing fields for all of the various contents to lazily initialize them.

#358

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime/Runtime/TagHelpers/TagHelperExecutionContext.cs

@@ -223,15 +223,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime.TagHelpers
             AllAttributes.Add(name, value);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Executes the child content asynchronously.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <returns>A <see cref="Task"/> which on completion executes all child content.</returns>
-        public Task ExecuteChildContentAsync()
-        {
-            return _executeChildContentAsync();
-        }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// Execute and retrieve the rendered child content asynchronously.
         /// </summary>

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime/TagHelpers/TagHelperOutput.cs

@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
 
 using System;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Html.Abstractions;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.TagHelpers
 {
     /// <summary>
     /// Class used to represent the output of an <see cref="ITagHelper"/>.
     /// </summary>
-    public class TagHelperOutput
+    public class TagHelperOutput : IHtmlContent
     {
         private readonly Func<bool, Task<TagHelperContent>> _getChildContentAsync;
 
@@ -151,5 +154,85 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.TagHelpers
         {
             return _getChildContentAsync(useCachedResult);
         }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        public void WriteTo(TextWriter writer, HtmlEncoder encoder)
+        {
+            if (writer == null)
+            {
+                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(writer));
+            }
+
+            PreElement.WriteTo(writer, encoder);
+
+            var isTagNameNullOrWhitespace = string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(TagName);
+
+            if (!isTagNameNullOrWhitespace)
+            {
+                writer.Write('<');
+                writer.Write(TagName);
+
+                foreach (var attribute in Attributes)
+                {
+                    writer.Write(' ');
+                    writer.Write(attribute.Name);
+
+                    if (attribute.Minimized)
+                    {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    writer.Write("=\"");
+                    var value = attribute.Value;
+                    var htmlContent = value as IHtmlContent;
+                    if (htmlContent != null)
+                    {
+                        // There's no way of tracking the attribute value quotations in the Razor source. Therefore, we
+                        // must escape any IHtmlContent double quote values in the case that a user wrote:
+                        // <p name='A " is valid in single quotes'></p>
+                        using (var stringWriter = new StringWriter())
+                        {
+                            htmlContent.WriteTo(stringWriter, encoder);
+
+                            var stringValue = stringWriter.ToString();
+                            stringValue = stringValue.Replace("\"", "&quot;");
+
+                            writer.Write(stringValue);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else if (value != null)
+                    {
+                        encoder.Encode(writer, value.ToString());
+                    }
+
+                    writer.Write('"');
+                }
+
+                if (TagMode == TagMode.SelfClosing)
+                {
+                    writer.Write(" /");
+                }
+
+                writer.Write('>');
+            }
+
+            if (isTagNameNullOrWhitespace || TagMode == TagMode.StartTagAndEndTag)
+            {
+                PreContent.WriteTo(writer, encoder);
+
+                Content.WriteTo(writer, encoder);
+
+                PostContent.WriteTo(writer, encoder);
+            }
+
+            if (!isTagNameNullOrWhitespace && TagMode == TagMode.StartTagAndEndTag)
+            {
+                writer.Write("</");
+                writer.Write(TagName);
+                writer.Write(">");
+            }
+
+            PostElement.WriteTo(writer, encoder);
+        }
     }
-}
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Razor/CodeGenerators/CSharpTagHelperCodeRenderer.cs

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
             if (!_designTimeMode)
             {
                 RenderRunTagHelpers();
-                RenderWriteTagHelperMethodCall(chunk);
+                RenderTagHelperOutput(chunk);
                 RenderEndTagHelpersScope();
             }
         }
@@ -533,26 +533,50 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
                                                   _tagHelperContext.ScopeManagerEndMethodName);
         }
 
-        private void RenderWriteTagHelperMethodCall(TagHelperChunk chunk)
+        private void RenderTagHelperOutput(TagHelperChunk chunk)
         {
+            var tagHelperOutputAccessor =
+                $"{ExecutionContextVariableName}.{_tagHelperContext.ExecutionContextOutputPropertyName}";
+
+            if (ContainsChildContent(chunk.Children))
+            {
+                _writer
+                    .Write("if (!")
+                    .Write(tagHelperOutputAccessor)
+                    .Write(".")
+                    .Write(_tagHelperContext.TagHelperOutputIsContentModifiedPropertyName)
+                    .WriteLine(")");
+
+                using (_writer.BuildScope())
+                {
+                    _writer
+                        .Write(tagHelperOutputAccessor)
+                        .Write(".")
+                        .WriteStartAssignment(_tagHelperContext.TagHelperOutputContentPropertyName)
+                        .Write("await ")
+                        .WriteInstanceMethodInvocation(
+                            tagHelperOutputAccessor,
+                            _tagHelperContext.TagHelperOutputGetChildContentAsyncMethodName);
+                }
+            }
+
             _writer
-                .WriteStartInstrumentationContext(_context, chunk.Association, isLiteral: false)
+                .WriteStartInstrumentationContext(_context, chunk.Association, isLiteral: false);
-                .Write("await ");
 
             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_context.TargetWriterName))
             {
                 _writer
-                    .WriteStartMethodInvocation(_tagHelperContext.WriteTagHelperToAsyncMethodName)
+                    .WriteStartMethodInvocation(_context.Host.GeneratedClassContext.WriteToMethodName)
                     .Write(_context.TargetWriterName)
                     .WriteParameterSeparator();
             }
             else
             {
-                _writer.WriteStartMethodInvocation(_tagHelperContext.WriteTagHelperAsyncMethodName);
+                _writer.WriteStartMethodInvocation(_context.Host.GeneratedClassContext.WriteMethodName);
             }
 
             _writer
-                .Write(ExecutionContextVariableName)
+                .Write(tagHelperOutputAccessor)
                 .WriteEndMethodInvocation()
                 .WriteEndInstrumentationContext(_context);
         }
@@ -688,6 +712,24 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
             }
         }
 
+        private static bool ContainsChildContent(IList<Chunk> children)
+        {
+            // False will be returned if there are no children or if there are only non-TagHelper ParentChunk leaf
+            // nodes.
+            foreach (var child in children)
+            {
+                var parentChunk = child as ParentChunk;
+                if (parentChunk == null ||
+                    parentChunk is TagHelperChunk ||
+                    ContainsChildContent(parentChunk.Children))
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
         private static bool IsDynamicAttributeValue(Chunk attributeValueChunk)
         {
             var parentChunk = attributeValueChunk as ParentChunk;

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Razor/CodeGenerators/GeneratedTagHelperContext.cs

@@ -33,10 +33,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
             ScopeManagerTypeName = "Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime.TagHelperScopeManager";
             ExecutionContextTypeName = "Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime.TagHelperExecutionContext";
             TagHelperContentTypeName = "Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.TagHelperContent";
-            WriteTagHelperAsyncMethodName = "WriteTagHelperAsync";
-            WriteTagHelperToAsyncMethodName = "WriteTagHelperToAsync";
             TagHelperContentGetContentMethodName = "GetContent";
             HtmlEncoderPropertyName = "HtmlEncoder";
+            TagHelperOutputIsContentModifiedPropertyName = "IsContentModified";
+            TagHelperOutputContentPropertyName = "Content";
+            TagHelperOutputGetChildContentAsyncMethodName = "GetChildContentAsync";
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
         public string ExecutionContextAddMethodName { get; set; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// The property accessor for the tag helper's output.
+        /// The property name for the tag helper's output.
         /// </summary>
         public string ExecutionContextOutputPropertyName { get; set; }
 
@@ -185,17 +186,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
         /// </remarks>
         public string TagHelperContentTypeName { get; set; }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The name of the method used to write <see cref="ExecutionContextTypeName"/>.
-        /// </summary>
-        public string WriteTagHelperAsyncMethodName { get; set; }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// The name of the method used to write <see cref="ExecutionContextTypeName"/> to a specified
-        /// <see cref="System.IO.TextWriter"/>.
-        /// </summary>
-        public string WriteTagHelperToAsyncMethodName { get; set; }
-
         /// <summary>
         /// The name of the property containing the <c>HtmlEncoder</c>.
         /// </summary>
@@ -205,5 +195,21 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.CodeGenerators
         /// The name of the method used to convert a <c>TagHelperContent</c> into a <see cref="string"/>.
         /// </summary>
         public string TagHelperContentGetContentMethodName { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The name of the property used to indicate the tag helper's content has been modified.
+        /// </summary>
+        public string TagHelperOutputIsContentModifiedPropertyName { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The name of the property for the tag helper's output content.
+        /// </summary>
+        public string TagHelperOutputContentPropertyName { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The name of the method on the property <see cref="ExecutionContextOutputPropertyName"/> used to retrieve
+        /// tag helper child content.
+        /// </summary>
+        public string TagHelperOutputGetChildContentAsyncMethodName { get; set; }
     }
 }

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime.Test/Runtime/TagHelpers/TagHelperExecutionContextTest.cs

@@ -143,34 +143,6 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Razor.Runtime.TagHelpers
             Assert.Empty(content3.GetContent(new HtmlTestEncoder()));
         }
 
-        [Fact]
-        public async Task ExecuteChildContentAsync_IsNotMemoized()
-        {
-            // Arrange
-            var childContentExecutionCount = 0;
-            var executionContext = new TagHelperExecutionContext(
-                "p",
-                tagMode: TagMode.StartTagAndEndTag,
-                items: new Dictionary<object, object>(),
-                uniqueId: string.Empty,
-                executeChildContentAsync: () =>
-                {
-                    childContentExecutionCount++;
-
-                    return Task.FromResult(result: true);
-                },
-                startTagHelperWritingScope: () => { },
-                endTagHelperWritingScope: () => new DefaultTagHelperContent());
-
-            // Act
-            await executionContext.ExecuteChildContentAsync();
-            await executionContext.ExecuteChildContentAsync();
-            await executionContext.ExecuteChildContentAsync();
-
-            // Assert
-            Assert.Equal(3, childContentExecutionCount);
-        }
-
         public static TheoryData<string, string> DictionaryCaseTestingData
         {
             get