diff --git a/.azure/pipelines/jobs/default-build.yml b/.azure/pipelines/jobs/default-build.yml
index 45d7bc6184..5a829c68cf 100644
--- a/.azure/pipelines/jobs/default-build.yml
+++ b/.azure/pipelines/jobs/default-build.yml
@@ -126,6 +126,11 @@ jobs:
     steps:
     - checkout: self
       clean: true
+    - ${{ if and(eq(parameters.agentOs, 'Windows'), eq(parameters.isTestingJob, true)) }}:
+      - powershell: ./eng/scripts/InstallProcDump.ps1
+        displayName: Install ProcDump
+      - powershell: ./eng/scripts/StartDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1 $(ProcDumpPath)procdump.exe artifacts/log/ (Get-Date).AddMinutes(160) dotnet
+        displayName: Start background dump collection
     - ${{ if eq(parameters.installNodeJs, 'true') }}:
       - task: NodeTool@0
         displayName: Install Node 10.x
@@ -165,6 +170,12 @@ jobs:
 
     - ${{ parameters.afterBuild }}
 
+    - ${{ if and(eq(parameters.agentOs, 'Windows'), eq(parameters.isTestingJob, true)) }}:
+      - powershell: ./eng/scripts/FinishDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1 artifacts/log/
+        displayName: Finish background dump collection
+        continueOnError: true
+        condition: always()
+
     - ${{ if eq(parameters.agentOs, 'Windows') }}:
       - powershell: eng\scripts\KillProcesses.ps1
         displayName: Kill processes
diff --git a/eng/scripts/FinishDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1 b/eng/scripts/FinishDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b6123e49a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eng/scripts/FinishDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+param(
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
+  [string]
+  $ProcDumpOutputPath
+)
+
+Write-Output "Finishing dump collection for hanging builds.";
+
+$repoRoot = Resolve-Path "$PSScriptRoot\..\..";
+$ProcDumpOutputPath = Join-Path $repoRoot $ProcDumpOutputPath;
+
+$sentinelFile = Join-Path $ProcDumpOutputPath "dump-sentinel.txt";
+if ((-not (Test-Path $sentinelFile))) {
+  Write-Output "No sentinel file available in '$sentinelFile'. " +
+    "StartDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1 has not been executed, is not correctly configured or failed before creating the sentinel file.";
+  return;
+}
+
+Get-Process "procdump" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | ForEach-Object { Write-Output "ProcDump with PID $($_.Id) is still running."; };
+
+$capturedDumps = Get-ChildItem $ProcDumpOutputPath -Filter *.dmp;
+$capturedDumps | ForEach-Object { Write-Output "Found captured dump $_"; };
+
+$JobName = (Get-Content $sentinelFile);
+
+if ($JobName.Count -ne 1) {
+  if ($JobName.Count -eq 0) {
+    Write-Warning "No job name found. This is likely an error.";
+    return;
+  }
+  else {
+    Write-Output "Multiple job names found '$JobName'.";
+    return;
+  }
+}
+
+$dumpCollectionJob = Get-Job -Name $JobName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue;
+$registeredJob = Get-ScheduledJob -Name $JobName -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue;
+
+if ($null -eq $dumpCollectionJob) {
+  Write-Output "No job found for '$JobName'. It either didn't run or there is an issue with the job definition.";
+
+  if ($null -eq $registeredJob) {
+    Write-Warning "Couldn't find a scheduled job '$JobName'.";
+  }
+  return;
+}
+
+Write-Output "Listing existing jobs";
+Get-Job -Name CaptureDumps*
+
+Write-Output "Listing existing scheduled jobs";
+Get-ScheduledJob -Name CaptureDumps*
+
+Write-Output "Displaying job output";
+Receive-Job $dumpCollectionJob;
+
+Write-Output "Waiting for current job to finish";
+Get-Job -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Wait-Job;
+
+try {
+    Write-Output "Removing collection job";
+    Remove-Job $dumpCollectionJob;
+}
+catch {
+    Write-Output "Failed to remove collection job";
+}
+
+try {
+    Write-Output "Unregistering scheduled job";
+    Unregister-ScheduledJob $registeredJob;
+}
+catch {
+    Write-Output "Failed to unregister $JobName";
+}
diff --git a/eng/scripts/InstallProcDump.ps1 b/eng/scripts/InstallProcDump.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..92334ffb7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eng/scripts/InstallProcDump.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Installs ProcDump into a folder in this repo.
+.DESCRIPTION
+    This script downloads and extracts the ProcDump.
+.PARAMETER Force
+    Overwrite the existing installation
+#>
+param(
+    [switch]$Force
+)
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue' # Workaround PowerShell/PowerShell#2138
+
+Set-StrictMode -Version 1
+
+$repoRoot = Resolve-Path "$PSScriptRoot\..\.."
+$installDir = "$repoRoot\.tools\ProcDump\"
+$tempDir = "$repoRoot\obj"
+
+if (Test-Path $installDir) {
+    if ($Force) {
+        Remove-Item -Force -Recurse $installDir
+    }
+    else {
+        Write-Host "ProcDump already installed to $installDir. Exiting without action. Call this script again with -Force to overwrite."
+        exit 0
+    }
+}
+
+Remove-Item -Force -Recurse $tempDir -ErrorAction Ignore | out-null
+mkdir $tempDir -ea Ignore | out-null
+mkdir $installDir -ea Ignore | out-null
+Write-Host "Starting ProcDump download"
+Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing -Uri "https://download.sysinternals.com/files/Procdump.zip" -Out "$tempDir/ProcDump.zip"
+Write-Host "Done downloading ProcDump"
+Expand-Archive "$tempDir/ProcDump.zip" -d "$tempDir/ProcDump/"
+Write-Host "Expanded ProcDump to $tempDir"
+Write-Host "Installing ProcDump to $installDir"
+Move-Item "$tempDir/ProcDump/*" $installDir
+Write-Host "Done installing ProcDump to $installDir"
+
+if ($env:TF_BUILD) {
+    Write-Host "##vso[task.setvariable variable=ProcDumpPath]$installDir"
+    Write-Host "##vso[task.prependpath]$installDir"
+}
diff --git a/eng/scripts/StartDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1 b/eng/scripts/StartDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4ed696ec3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/eng/scripts/StartDumpCollectionForHangingBuilds.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+param(
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
+  [string]
+  $ProcDumpPath,
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
+  [string]
+  $ProcDumpOutputPath,
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [datetime]
+  $WakeTime,
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
+  [string []]
+  $CandidateProcessNames
+)
+
+Write-Output "Setting up a scheduled job to capture process dumps.";
+
+if ((-not (Test-Path $ProcDumpPath))) {
+  Write-Warning "Can't find ProcDump at '$ProcDumpPath'.";
+}
+else {
+  Write-Output "Using ProcDump from '$ProcDumpPath'.";
+}
+
+try {
+  $previousJobs = Get-Job -Name CaptureDumps* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue;
+  $previousScheduledJobs = Get-ScheduledJob CaptureDumps* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue;
+
+  if ($previousJobs.Count -ne 0) {
+    Write-Output "Found existing dump jobs.";
+  }
+
+  if ($previousScheduledJobs.Count -ne 0) {
+    Write-Output "Found existing dump jobs.";
+  }
+
+  $previousJobs | Stop-Job -PassThru | Remove-Job;
+  $previousScheduledJobs | Unregister-ScheduledJob;
+}
+catch {
+  Write-Output "There was an error cleaning up previous jobs.";
+  Write-Output $_.Exception.Message;
+}
+
+$repoRoot = Resolve-Path "$PSScriptRoot\..\..";
+$ProcDumpOutputPath = Join-Path $repoRoot $ProcDumpOutputPath;
+
+Write-Output "Dumps will be placed at '$ProcDumpOutputPath'.";
+Write-Output "Watching processes $($CandidateProcessNames -join ', ')";
+
+# This script registers as a scheduled job. This scheduled job executes after $WakeTime.
+# When the scheduled job executes, it runs procdump on all alive processes whose name matches $CandidateProcessNames.
+# The dumps are placed in $ProcDumpOutputPath
+# If the build completes sucessfully in less than $WakeTime, a final step unregisters the job.
+
+# Create a unique identifier for the job name
+$JobName = "CaptureDumps" + (New-Guid).ToString("N");
+
+# Ensure that the dumps output path exists.
+if ((-not (Test-Path $ProcDumpOutputPath))) {
+  New-Item -ItemType Directory $ProcDumpOutputPath | Out-Null;
+}
+
+# We write a sentinel file that we use at the end of the build to
+# find the job we started and to determine the results from the sheduled
+# job (Whether it ran or not and to display the outputs form the job)
+$sentinelFile = Join-Path $ProcDumpOutputPath "dump-sentinel.txt";
+Out-File -FilePath $sentinelFile -InputObject $JobName | Out-Null;
+
+[scriptblock] $ScriptCode = {
+  param(
+    $ProcDumpPath,
+    $ProcDumpOutputPath,
+    $CandidateProcessNames)
+
+  Write-Output "Waking up to capture process dumps. Determining hanging processes.";
+
+  [System.Diagnostics.Process []]$AliveProcesses = @();
+  foreach ($candidate in $CandidateProcessNames) {
+    try {
+      $candidateProcesses = Get-Process $candidate;
+      $candidateProcesses | ForEach-Object { Write-Output "Found candidate process $candidate with PID '$($_.Id)'." };
+      $AliveProcesses += $candidateProcesses;
+    }
+    catch {
+      Write-Output "No process found for $candidate";
+    }
+  }
+
+  Write-Output "Starting process dump capture.";
+
+  $dumpFullPath = [System.IO.Path]::Combine($ProcDumpOutputPath, "hung_PROCESSNAME_PID_YYMMDD_HHMMSS.dmp");
+
+  Write-Output "Capturing output for $($AliveProcesses.Length) processes.";
+
+  foreach ($process in $AliveProcesses) {
+
+    $procDumpArgs = @("-accepteula", "-ma", $process.Id, $dumpFullPath);
+    try {
+      Write-Output "Capturing dump for dump for '$($process.Name)' with PID '$($process.Id)'.";
+      Start-Process -FilePath $ProcDumpPath -ArgumentList $procDumpArgs -NoNewWindow -Wait;
+    }
+    catch {
+      Write-Output "There was an error capturing a process dump for '$($process.Name)' with PID '$($process.Id)'."
+      Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Write-Output "Done capturing process dumps.";
+}
+
+$ScriptTrigger = New-JobTrigger -Once -At $WakeTime;
+
+try {
+  Register-ScheduledJob -Name $JobName -ScriptBlock $ScriptCode -Trigger $ScriptTrigger -ArgumentList $ProcDumpPath, $ProcDumpOutputPath, $CandidateProcessNames;
+}
+catch {
+  Write-Warning "Failed to register scheduled job '$JobName'. Dumps will not be captured for build hangs.";
+  Write-Warning $_.Exception.Message;
+}