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+Submodules
+==========
+
+This repository composes ASP.NET Core repos from a collection of many submodules.
+Working with submodules in git requires using commands not used in a normal git workflow.
+Here are some tips for working with submodules.
+
+For full information, see the [official docs for git submodules](https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules).
+
+## Fundamental concept
+
+The parent repo (aspnet/Universe) stores two pieces of info about each submodule.
+
+1. Where to clone the submodule from. This is stored in the .gitmodules file
+2. The commit hash of the submodule to use. 
+
+This means you cannot commit a submodule's branch or a tag to the parent repo.
+Other info may appear in the .gitmodules file, but it is only used when attempting to
+[update a submodule.](#updating-submodules)
+
+## Cloning
+
+By default, submodules will not be present. Use `--recursive` to clone all submodules.
+
+    git clone https://github.com/aspnet/Universe.git --recursive
+
+If you have already cloned, run this to initialize all submodules.
+
+    git submodule update --init
+
+## Pulling updates
+
+When you execute `git pull`, submodules do not automatically snap to the version
+used in new commits of the parent repo. Update all submodules to match the parent repo's
+expected version by running this command.
+
+    git submodule update
+
+## Executing a command on each submodule
+
+    git submodule foreach '<command>'
+
+For example, to clean and reset each submodule:
+
+    git submodule foreach 'git reset --hard; git clean -xfd'
+
+## Updating submodules
+
+Updating all submodules to newer versions can be done like this.
+
+    git submodule update --remote
+
+Updating just one subumodule.
+
+    git submodule update --remote modules/EntityFrameworkCore/
+    
+This uses the remote url and branch info configuration stored in .gitmodules to pull new commits.
+This does not guarantee the commit is going to be a fast-forward commit.
+
+## Diff
+
+You can see which commits have changed in submodules from the last parent repo commit by adding `--submodule` to git-diff.
+
+    git diff --submodule
+
+## Saving an update to a submodule
+
+To move the parent repo to use a new commit, you must create a commit in the parent repo
+that contains the new commit.
+
+    git submodule update --remote modules/KestrelHttpServer/
+    git add modules/KestrelhttpServer/
+    git commit -m "Update Kestrel to latest version"
+
+## PowerShell is slow in aspnet/Universe
+
+Many users have post-git, and extension that shows git status on the prompt line. Because `git status` with submodules
+on Windows is very slow, it can make PowerShell unbearable to use.
+
+To workaround this, disable checking git-status for each prompt.
+```ps1
+$GitPromptSettings.EnableFileStatus = $false
+```
+You can disable this permanently by adding to your `$PROFILE` file. (`notepad $PROFILE`)