Support for InlineConstraints in Route Template

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Constraints/CompositeRouteConstraint.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Constrains a route by several child constraints.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class CompositeRouteConstraint : IRouteConstraint
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="CompositeRouteConstraint" /> class.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="constraints">The child constraints that must match for this constraint to match.</param>
+        public CompositeRouteConstraint([NotNull] IEnumerable<IRouteConstraint> constraints)
+        {
+            Constraints = constraints;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the child constraints that must match for this constraint to match.
+        /// </summary>
+        public IEnumerable<IRouteConstraint> Constraints { get; private set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Calls Match on the child constraints. 
+        /// The call returns as soon as one of the child constraints does not match.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="httpContext">The HTTP context associated with the current call.</param>
+        /// <param name="route">The route that is being constrained.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeKey">The route key used for the constraint.</param>
+        /// <param name="values">The route value dictionary.</param>
+        /// <param name="routeDirection">The direction of the routing,
+        /// i.e. incoming request or URL generation.</param>
+        /// <returns>True if all the constraints Match,
+        ///  false as soon as one of the child constraints does not match.</returns>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// There is no guarantee for the order in which child constraints are invoked, 
+        /// also the method returns as soon as one of the constraints does not match.
+        /// </remarks>
+        public bool Match([NotNull] HttpContext httpContext, 
+                          [NotNull] IRouter route,
+                          [NotNull] string routeKey,
+                          [NotNull] IDictionary<string, object> values,
+                          RouteDirection routeDirection)
+        {
+            foreach (var constraint in Constraints)
+            {
+                if (!constraint.Match(httpContext, route, routeKey, values, routeDirection))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Constraints/IntRouteConstraint.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Globalization;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Constrains a route parameter to represent only 32-bit integer values.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class IntRouteConstraint : IRouteConstraint
+    {
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        public bool Match([NotNull] HttpContext httpContext, 
+                          [NotNull] IRouter route,
+                          [NotNull] string routeKey,
+                          [NotNull] IDictionary<string, object> values,
+                          RouteDirection routeDirection)
+        {
+            object value;
+            if (values.TryGetValue(routeKey, out value) && value != null)
+            {
+                if (value is int)
+                {
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                int result;
+                string valueString = Convert.ToString(value, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+                return Int32.TryParse(valueString, NumberStyles.Integer, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, out result);
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Constraints/RegexConstraint.cs

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ using System.Globalization;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
 
-namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints
 {
     public class RegexConstraint : IRouteConstraint
     {

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/DefaultInlineConstraintResolver.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Reflection;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The default implementation of <see cref="IInlineConstraintResolver"/>. Resolves constraints by parsing
+    /// a constraint key and constraint arguments, using a map to resolve the constraint type, and calling an
+    /// appropriate constructor for the constraint type.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class DefaultInlineConstraintResolver : IInlineConstraintResolver
+    {
+        private readonly IDictionary<string, Type> _inlineConstraintMap = GetDefaultConstraintMap();
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets the mutable dictionary that maps constraint keys to a particular constraint type.
+        /// </summary>
+        public IDictionary<string, Type> ConstraintMap
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return _inlineConstraintMap;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static IDictionary<string, Type> GetDefaultConstraintMap()
+        {
+            return new Dictionary<string, Type>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+            {
+                // Type-specific constraints
+                { "int", typeof(IntRouteConstraint) },
+            };
+        }
+
+        /// <inheritdoc />
+        /// <example>
+        /// A typical constraint looks like the following
+        /// "exampleConstraint(arg1, arg2, 12)".
+        /// Here if the type registered for exampleConstraint has a single constructor with one argument,
+        /// The entire string "arg1, arg2, 12" will be treated as a single argument.
+        /// In all other cases arguments are split at comma.
+        /// </example>
+        public virtual IRouteConstraint ResolveConstraint([NotNull] string inlineConstraint)
+        {
+            string constraintKey;
+            string argumentString;
+            int indexOfFirstOpenParens = inlineConstraint.IndexOf('(');
+            if (indexOfFirstOpenParens >= 0 && inlineConstraint.EndsWith(")", StringComparison.Ordinal))
+            {
+                constraintKey = inlineConstraint.Substring(0, indexOfFirstOpenParens);
+                argumentString = inlineConstraint.Substring(indexOfFirstOpenParens + 1,
+                                                            inlineConstraint.Length - indexOfFirstOpenParens - 2);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                constraintKey = inlineConstraint;
+                argumentString = null;
+            }
+
+            Type constraintType;
+            if (!_inlineConstraintMap.TryGetValue(constraintKey, out constraintType))
+            {
+                // Cannot resolve the constraint key
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            if (!typeof(IRouteConstraint).GetTypeInfo().IsAssignableFrom(constraintType.GetTypeInfo()))
+            {
+                throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                            Resources.FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint(
+                                                        constraintType, constraintKey, typeof(IRouteConstraint).Name));
+            }
+
+            return CreateConstraint(constraintType, argumentString);
+        }
+
+        private static IRouteConstraint CreateConstraint(Type constraintType, string argumentString)
+        {
+            // No arguments - call the default constructor
+            if (argumentString == null)
+            {
+                return (IRouteConstraint)Activator.CreateInstance(constraintType);
+            }
+
+            var constraintTypeInfo = constraintType.GetTypeInfo();
+            ConstructorInfo activationConstructor = null;
+            object[] parameters = null;
+            var constructors = constraintTypeInfo.DeclaredConstructors.ToArray();
+
+            // If there is only one constructor and it has a single parameter, pass the argument string directly
+            // This is necessary for the Regex RouteConstraint to ensure that patterns are not split on commas.
+            if (constructors.Length == 1 && constructors[0].GetParameters().Length == 1)
+            {
+                activationConstructor = constructors[0];
+                parameters = ConvertArguments(activationConstructor.GetParameters(), new string[] { argumentString });
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                string[] arguments = argumentString.Split(',').Select(argument => argument.Trim()).ToArray();
+
+                var matchingConstructors = constructors.Where(ci => ci.GetParameters().Length == arguments.Length).ToArray();
+                var constructorMatches = matchingConstructors.Length;
+
+                if (constructorMatches == 0)
+                {
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                                Resources.FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor(
+                                                       constraintTypeInfo.Name, argumentString.Length));
+                }
+                else if (constructorMatches == 1)
+                {
+                    activationConstructor = matchingConstructors[0];
+                    parameters = ConvertArguments(activationConstructor.GetParameters(), arguments);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                                Resources.FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors(
+                                                       constraintTypeInfo.Name, argumentString.Length));
+                }
+            }
+
+            return (IRouteConstraint)activationConstructor.Invoke(parameters);
+        }
+
+        private static object[] ConvertArguments(ParameterInfo[] parameterInfos, string[] arguments)
+        {
+            var parameters = new object[parameterInfos.Length];
+            for (int i = 0; i < parameterInfos.Length; i++)
+            {
+                var parameter = parameterInfos[i];
+                var parameterType = parameter.ParameterType;
+                parameters[i] = Convert.ChangeType(arguments[i], parameterType, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            }
+
+            return parameters;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/IInlineConstraintResolver.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Defines an abstraction for resolving inline constraints as instances of <see cref="IRouteConstraint"/>.
+    /// </summary>
+    public interface IInlineConstraintResolver
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Resolves the inline constraint.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="inlineConstraint">The inline constraint to resolve.</param>
+        /// <returns>The <see cref="IRouteConstraint"/> the inline constraint was resolved to.</returns>
+        IRouteConstraint ResolveConstraint([NotNull] string inlineConstraint);
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/IRouteCollection.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
     {
         IRouter DefaultHandler { get; set; }
 
+        IInlineConstraintResolver InlineConstraintResolver { get; set; }
+
         void Add(IRouter router);
     }
 }

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/InlineRouteParameterParser.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved.
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
+
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
+
+namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
+{
+    public static class InlineRouteParameterParser
+    {
+        // One or more characters, matches "id"
+        private const string ParameterNamePattern = @"(?<parameterName>.+?)";
+
+        // Zero or more inline constraints that start with a colon followed by zero or more characters
+        // Optionally the constraint can have arguments within parentheses
+        //      - necessary to capture characters like ":" and "}"
+        // Matches ":int", ":length(2)", ":regex(\})", ":regex(:)" zero or more times
+        private const string ConstraintPattern = @"(:(?<constraint>.*?(\(.*?\))?))*";
+
+        // A default value with an equal sign followed by zero or more characters
+        // Matches "=", "=abc"
+        private const string DefaultValueParameter = @"(?<defaultValue>(=.*?))?";
+
+        private static readonly Regex _parameterRegex = new Regex(
+           "^" + ParameterNamePattern + ConstraintPattern + DefaultValueParameter + "$",
+            RegexOptions.CultureInvariant | RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
+        public static TemplatePart ParseRouteParameter([NotNull] string routeParameter,
+                                                       [NotNull] IInlineConstraintResolver constraintResolver)
+        {
+            var isCatchAll = routeParameter.StartsWith("*", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            var isOptional = routeParameter.EndsWith("?", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+
+            routeParameter = isCatchAll ? routeParameter.Substring(1) : routeParameter;
+            routeParameter = isOptional ? routeParameter.Substring(0, routeParameter.Length - 1) : routeParameter;
+
+            var parameterMatch = _parameterRegex.Match(routeParameter);
+            if (!parameterMatch.Success)
+            {
+                return TemplatePart.CreateParameter(name: string.Empty,
+                                                    isCatchAll: isCatchAll,
+                                                    isOptional: isOptional,
+                                                    defaultValue: null,
+                                                    inlineConstraint: null
+                                                    );
+            }
+
+            var parameterName = parameterMatch.Groups["parameterName"].Value;
+            
+            // Add the default value if present
+            var defaultValueGroup = parameterMatch.Groups["defaultValue"];
+            var defaultValue = GetDefaultValue(defaultValueGroup);
+
+            // Register inline constraints if present
+            var constraintGroup = parameterMatch.Groups["constraint"];
+            var inlineConstraint = GetInlineConstraint(constraintGroup, constraintResolver);
+            
+            return TemplatePart.CreateParameter(parameterName,
+                                                isCatchAll,
+                                                isOptional,
+                                                defaultValue,
+                                                inlineConstraint); 
+        }
+
+        private static string GetDefaultValue(Group defaultValueGroup)
+        {
+            if (defaultValueGroup.Success)
+            {
+                var defaultValueMatch = defaultValueGroup.Value;
+
+                // Strip out the equal sign at the beginning
+                Contract.Assert(defaultValueMatch.StartsWith("=", StringComparison.Ordinal));
+                return defaultValueMatch.Substring(1);
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        private static IRouteConstraint GetInlineConstraint(Group constraintGroup,
+                                                            IInlineConstraintResolver constraintResolver)
+        {
+            var parameterConstraints = new List<IRouteConstraint>();
+            foreach (Capture constraintCapture in constraintGroup.Captures)
+            {
+                var inlineConstraint = constraintCapture.Value;
+                var constraint = constraintResolver.ResolveConstraint(inlineConstraint);
+                if (constraint == null)
+                {
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                        Resources.FormatInlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint(
+                                        constraintResolver.GetType().Name, inlineConstraint));
+                }
+
+                parameterConstraints.Add(constraint);
+            }
+
+            if (parameterConstraints.Count > 0)
+            {
+                var constraint = parameterConstraints.Count == 1 ?
+                                            parameterConstraints[0] :
+                                            new CompositeRouteConstraint(parameterConstraints);
+                return constraint;
+            }
+
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.kproj

@@ -22,7 +22,12 @@
   </ItemGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <Compile Include="BuilderExtensions.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Constraints\CompositeRouteConstraint.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="Constraints\IntRouteConstraint.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="DefaultInlineConstraintResolver.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="IInlineConstraintResolver.cs" />
     <Compile Include="INamedRouter.cs" />
+    <Compile Include="InlineRouteParameterParser.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IRouteCollection.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IRouteConstraint.cs" />
     <Compile Include="IRouter.cs" />

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Properties/Resources.Designer.cs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             = new ResourceManager("Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Resources", typeof(Resources).GetTypeInfo().Assembly);
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// The supplied route name '{0}' is ambiguous and matched more than one routes.
+        /// The supplied route name '{0}' is ambiguous and matched more than one route.
         /// </summary>
         internal static string NamedRoutes_AmbiguousRoutesFound
         {
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// The supplied route name '{0}' is ambiguous and matched more than one routes.
+        /// The supplied route name '{0}' is ambiguous and matched more than one route.
         /// </summary>
         internal static string FormatNamedRoutes_AmbiguousRoutesFound(object p0)
         {
@@ -42,6 +42,54 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             return GetString("DefaultHandler_MustBeSet");
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The constructor to use for activating the constraint type '{0}' is ambiguous. Multiple constructors were found with the following number of parameters: {1}.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors
+        {
+            get { return GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The constructor to use for activating the constraint type '{0}' is ambiguous. Multiple constructors were found with the following number of parameters: {1}.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors(object p0, object p1)
+        {
+            return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors"), p0, p1);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Could not find a constructor for constraint type '{0}' with the following number of parameters: {1}.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor
+        {
+            get { return GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Could not find a constructor for constraint type '{0}' with the following number of parameters: {1}.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor(object p0, object p1)
+        {
+            return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor"), p0, p1);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The constraint type '{0}' which is mapped to constraint key '{1}' must implement the '{2}' interface.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint
+        {
+            get { return GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The constraint type '{0}' which is mapped to constraint key '{1}' must implement the '{2}' interface.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatDefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint(object p0, object p1, object p2)
+        {
+            return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint"), p0, p1, p2);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// The constraint entry '{0}' must have a string value or be of a type which implements '{1}'.
         /// </summary>
@@ -74,6 +122,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             return GetString("TemplateRoute_CannotHaveCatchAllInMultiSegment");
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The route parameter '{0}' has both an inline deafult value and an explicit default value specified. A route parameter cannot contain an inline default value when a default value is specified explicitly. Consider removing one of them.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string TemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly
+        {
+            get { return GetString("TemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The route parameter '{0}' has both an inline deafult value and an explicit default value specified. A route parameter cannot contain an inline default value when a default value is specified explicitly. Consider removing one of them.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatTemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly(object p0)
+        {
+            return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("TemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly"), p0);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// A path segment cannot contain two consecutive parameters. They must be separated by a '/' or by a literal string.
         /// </summary>
@@ -138,6 +202,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             return GetString("TemplateRoute_CatchAllCannotBeOptional");
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An optional parameter cannot have default value.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string TemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue
+        {
+            get { return GetString("TemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// An optional parameter cannot have default value.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatTemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue()
+        {
+            return GetString("TemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue");
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// A catch-all parameter can only appear as the last segment of the route template.
         /// </summary>
@@ -250,6 +330,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("TemplateRoute_ValidationMustBeStringOrCustomConstraint"), p0, p1, p2);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The inline constraint resolver of type '{0}' was unable to resolve the following inline constraint: '{1}'.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string InlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint
+        {
+            get { return GetString("InlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The inline constraint resolver of type '{0}' was unable to resolve the following inline constraint: '{1}'.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string FormatInlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint(object p0, object p1)
+        {
+            return string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, GetString("InlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint"), p0, p1);
+        }
+
         private static string GetString(string name, params string[] formatterNames)
         {
             var value = _resourceManager.GetString(name);

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Resources.resx

@@ -123,12 +123,24 @@
   <data name="DefaultHandler_MustBeSet" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>A default handler must be set on the RouteCollection.</value>
   </data>
+  <data name="DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_AmbiguousCtors" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The constructor to use for activating the constraint type '{0}' is ambiguous. Multiple constructors were found with the following number of parameters: {1}.</value>
+  </data>
+  <data name="DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_CouldNotFindCtor" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>Could not find a constructor for constraint type '{0}' with the following number of parameters: {1}.</value>
+  </data>
+  <data name="DefaultInlineConstraintResolver_TypeNotConstraint" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The constraint type '{0}' which is mapped to constraint key '{1}' must implement the '{2}' interface.</value>
+  </data>
   <data name="GeneralConstraints_ValidationMustBeStringOrCustomConstraint" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>The constraint entry '{0}' must have a string value or be of a type which implements '{1}'.</value>
   </data>
   <data name="TemplateRoute_CannotHaveCatchAllInMultiSegment" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>A path segment that contains more than one section, such as a literal section or a parameter, cannot contain a catch-all parameter.</value>
   </data>
+  <data name="TemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The route parameter '{0}' has both an inline default value and an explicit default value specified. A route parameter cannot contain an inline default value when a default value is specified explicitly. Consider removing one of them.</value>
+  </data>
   <data name="TemplateRoute_CannotHaveConsecutiveParameters" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>A path segment cannot contain two consecutive parameters. They must be separated by a '/' or by a literal string.</value>
   </data>
@@ -141,6 +153,9 @@
   <data name="TemplateRoute_CatchAllCannotBeOptional" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>A catch-all parameter cannot be marked optional.</value>
   </data>
+  <data name="TemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>An optional parameter cannot have default value.</value>
+  </data>
   <data name="TemplateRoute_CatchAllMustBeLast" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>A catch-all parameter can only appear as the last segment of the route template.</value>
   </data>
@@ -162,4 +177,7 @@
   <data name="TemplateRoute_ValidationMustBeStringOrCustomConstraint" xml:space="preserve">
     <value>The constraint entry '{0}' on the route with route template '{1}' must have a string value or be of a type which implements '{2}'.</value>
   </data>
+  <data name="InlineRouteParser_CouldNotResolveConstraint" xml:space="preserve">
+    <value>The inline constraint resolver of type '{0}' was unable to resolve the following inline constraint: '{1}'.</value>
+  </data>
 </root>

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/RouteCollection.cs

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
 
         public IRouter DefaultHandler { get; set; }
 
+        public IInlineConstraintResolver InlineConstraintResolver { get; set; }
+
         public void Add([NotNull] IRouter router)
         {
             var namedRouter = router as INamedRouter;

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/RouteCollectionExtensions.cs

@@ -30,14 +30,23 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
                 throw new InvalidOperationException(Resources.DefaultHandler_MustBeSet);
             }
 
-            routes.Add(new TemplateRoute(routes.DefaultHandler, name, template, defaults, constraints: null));
+            routes.Add(new TemplateRoute(routes.DefaultHandler,
+                                         name,
+                                         template,
+                                         defaults,
+                                         constraints: null,
+                                         inlineConstraintResolver: routes.InlineConstraintResolver));
             return routes;
         }
 
         public static IRouteCollection MapRoute(this IRouteCollection routes, string name, string template,
                                             object defaults, object constraints)
         {
-            MapRoute(routes, name, template, new RouteValueDictionary(defaults), new RouteValueDictionary(constraints));
+            MapRoute(routes,
+                     name,
+                     template,
+                     new RouteValueDictionary(defaults),
+                     new RouteValueDictionary(constraints));
             return routes;
         }
 
@@ -55,15 +64,23 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
             return routes;
         }
 
-        public static IRouteCollection MapRoute(this IRouteCollection routes, string name, string template,
+        public static IRouteCollection MapRoute(this IRouteCollection routes,
-                                                IDictionary<string, object> defaults, IDictionary<string, object> constraints)
+                                                string name,
+                                                string template,
+                                                IDictionary<string, object> defaults,
+                                                IDictionary<string, object> constraints)
         {
             if (routes.DefaultHandler == null)
             {
                 throw new InvalidOperationException(Resources.DefaultHandler_MustBeSet);
             }
             
-            routes.Add(new TemplateRoute(routes.DefaultHandler, name, template, defaults, constraints));
+            routes.Add(new TemplateRoute(routes.DefaultHandler,
+                                         name,
+                                         template,
+                                         defaults,
+                                         constraints,
+                                         routes.InlineConstraintResolver));
             return routes;
         }
     }

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/RouteConstraintBuilder.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing
 {

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Template/TemplateParser.cs

@@ -3,10 +3,8 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Globalization;
-using System.Linq;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
 {
@@ -18,7 +16,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
         private const char EqualsSign = '=';
         private const char QuestionMark = '?';
         
-        public static Template Parse(string routeTemplate)
+        public static Template Parse(string routeTemplate, IInlineConstraintResolver constraintResolver)
         {
             if (routeTemplate == null)
             {
@@ -30,7 +28,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                 throw new ArgumentException(Resources.TemplateRoute_InvalidRouteTemplate, "routeTemplate");
             }
 
-            var context = new TemplateParserContext(routeTemplate);
+            var context = new TemplateParserContext(routeTemplate, constraintResolver);
             var segments = new List<TemplateSegment>();
 
             while (context.Next())
@@ -174,24 +172,35 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                 }
             }
 
-            var rawName = context.Capture();
+            var rawParameter = context.Capture();
 
-            var isCatchAll = rawName.StartsWith("*", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            // At this point, we need to parse the raw name for inline constraint, 
-            var isOptional = rawName.EndsWith("?", StringComparison.Ordinal);
+            // default values and optional parameters. 
+            var templatePart = InlineRouteParameterParser.ParseRouteParameter(rawParameter,
+                                                                              context.ConstraintResolver);
 
-            if (isCatchAll && isOptional)
+            
+
+            if (templatePart.IsCatchAll && templatePart.IsOptional)
             {
                 context.Error = Resources.TemplateRoute_CatchAllCannotBeOptional;
                 return false;
             }
 
-            rawName = isCatchAll ? rawName.Substring(1) : rawName;
+            if (templatePart.IsOptional && templatePart.DefaultValue != null)
-            rawName = isOptional ? rawName.Substring(0, rawName.Length - 1) : rawName;
+            {
+                // Cannot be optional and have a default value.
+                // The only way to declare an optional parameter is to have a ? at the end, 
+                // hence we cannot have both default value and optional parameter within the template. 
+                // A workaround is to add it as a separate entry in the defaults argument.
+                context.Error = Resources.TemplateRoute_OptionalCannotHaveDefaultValue;
+                return false;
+            }
 
-            var parameterName = rawName;
+            var parameterName = templatePart.Name; 
             if (IsValidParameterName(context, parameterName))
             {
-                segment.Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter(parameterName, isCatchAll, isOptional));
+                segment.Parts.Add(templatePart);
                 return true;
             }
             else
@@ -392,12 +401,13 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
 
             private HashSet<string> _parameterNames = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 
-            public TemplateParserContext(string template)
+            public TemplateParserContext(string template, IInlineConstraintResolver constraintResolver)
             {
                 Contract.Assert(template != null);
                 _template = template;
 
                 _index = -1;
+                ConstraintResolver = constraintResolver;
             }
 
             public char Current
@@ -416,6 +426,12 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                 get { return _parameterNames; } 
             }
 
+            public IInlineConstraintResolver ConstraintResolver
+            {
+                get;
+                private set;
+            }
+
             public bool Back()
             {
                 return --_index >= 0;

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Template/TemplatePart.cs

@@ -17,7 +17,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
             };
         }
 
-        public static TemplatePart CreateParameter(string name, bool isCatchAll, bool isOptional)
+        public static TemplatePart CreateParameter([NotNull] string name, 
+                                                   bool isCatchAll,
+                                                   bool isOptional,
+                                                   object defaultValue,
+                                                   IRouteConstraint inlineConstraint)
         {
             return new TemplatePart()
             {
@@ -25,6 +29,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                 Name = name,
                 IsCatchAll = isCatchAll,
                 IsOptional = isOptional,
+                DefaultValue = defaultValue,
+                InlineConstraint = inlineConstraint,
             };
         }
 
@@ -34,6 +40,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
         public bool IsOptional { get; private set; }
         public string Name { get; private set; }
         public string Text { get; private set; }
+        public object DefaultValue { get; private set; }
+        public IRouteConstraint InlineConstraint { get; private set; }
 
         internal string DebuggerToString()
         {

src/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing/Template/TemplateRoute.cs

@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics.Contracts;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
 
 namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
 {
@@ -18,16 +18,17 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
         private readonly TemplateMatcher _matcher;
         private readonly TemplateBinder _binder;
 
-        public TemplateRoute(IRouter target, string routeTemplate)
+        public TemplateRoute(IRouter target, string routeTemplate, IInlineConstraintResolver inlineConstraintResolver)
-            : this(target, routeTemplate, null, null)
+            : this(target, routeTemplate, null, null, inlineConstraintResolver)
         {
         }
 
         public TemplateRoute([NotNull] IRouter target,
                              string routeTemplate,
                              IDictionary<string, object> defaults,
-                             IDictionary<string, object> constraints)
+                             IDictionary<string, object> constraints,
-            : this(target, null, routeTemplate, defaults, constraints)
+                             IInlineConstraintResolver inlineConstraintResolver)
+            : this(target, null, routeTemplate, defaults, constraints, inlineConstraintResolver)
         {
         }
 
@@ -35,16 +36,19 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                              string routeName,
                              string routeTemplate,
                              IDictionary<string, object> defaults,
-                             IDictionary<string, object> constraints)
+                             IDictionary<string, object> constraints,
+                             IInlineConstraintResolver inlineConstraintResolver)
         {
             _target = target;
             _routeTemplate = routeTemplate ?? string.Empty;
             Name = routeName;
             _defaults = defaults ?? new Dictionary<string, object>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
-            _constraints = RouteConstraintBuilder.BuildConstraints(constraints, _routeTemplate);
+            _constraints = RouteConstraintBuilder.BuildConstraints(constraints, _routeTemplate) ?? 
+                                                            new Dictionary<string, IRouteConstraint>();
 
             // The parser will throw for invalid routes.
-            _parsedTemplate = TemplateParser.Parse(RouteTemplate);
+            _parsedTemplate = TemplateParser.Parse(RouteTemplate, inlineConstraintResolver);
+            UpdateInlineDefaultValuesAndConstraints();
             
             _matcher = new TemplateMatcher(_parsedTemplate);
             _binder = new TemplateBinder(_parsedTemplate, _defaults);
@@ -170,5 +174,39 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template
                 ProvidedValues = providedValues,
             };
         }
+
+        private void UpdateInlineDefaultValuesAndConstraints()
+        {
+            foreach (var parameter in _parsedTemplate.Parameters)
+            {
+                if (parameter.InlineConstraint != null)
+                {
+                    IRouteConstraint constraint;
+                    if (_constraints.TryGetValue(parameter.Name, out constraint))
+                    {
+                        _constraints[parameter.Name] = 
+                            new CompositeRouteConstraint(new []{ constraint, parameter.InlineConstraint });
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        _constraints[parameter.Name] = parameter.InlineConstraint;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (parameter.DefaultValue != null)
+                {
+                    if (_defaults.ContainsKey(parameter.Name))
+                    {
+                        throw new InvalidOperationException(
+                            Resources.
+                             FormatTemplateRoute_CannotHaveDefaultValueSpecifiedInlineAndExplicitly(parameter.Name));
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        _defaults[parameter.Name] = parameter.DefaultValue;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/ConstraintsBuilderTests.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Testing;
 using Moq;
 using Xunit;

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/RegexConstraintTests.cs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ using System.Globalization;
 using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 using System.Threading;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
 using Moq;
 using Xunit;
 

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/Template/TemplateBinderTests.cs

@@ -127,7 +127,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             string expected)
         {
             // Arrange
-            var binder = new TemplateBinder(TemplateParser.Parse(template), defaults);
+            var binder = new TemplateBinder(TemplateParser.Parse(template, new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver()),
+                                            defaults);
 
             // Act & Assert
             var acceptedValues = binder.GetAcceptedValues(null, values);
@@ -960,7 +961,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             string expected)
         {
             // Arrange
-            var binder = new TemplateBinder(TemplateParser.Parse(template), defaults);
+            var binder = new TemplateBinder(TemplateParser.Parse(template, new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver()), defaults);
 
             // Act & Assert
             var acceptedValues = binder.GetAcceptedValues(ambientValues, values);

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/Template/TemplateMatcherTests.cs

@@ -784,13 +784,13 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
         private TemplateMatcher CreateMatcher(string template)
         {
-            return new TemplateMatcher(TemplateParser.Parse(template));
+            return new TemplateMatcher(TemplateParser.Parse(template, new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver()));
         }
 
         private static void RunTest(string template, string path, IDictionary<string, object> defaults, IDictionary<string, object> expected)
         {
             // Arrange
-            var matcher = new TemplateMatcher(TemplateParser.Parse(template));
+            var matcher = new TemplateMatcher(TemplateParser.Parse(template, new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver()));
 
             // Act
             var match = matcher.Match(path, defaults);

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/Template/TemplateParserTests.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 {
     public class TemplateRouteParserTests
     {
+        private IInlineConstraintResolver _inlineConstraintResolver = new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver();
+
         [Fact]
         public void Parse_SingleLiteral()
         {
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("cool"));
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -35,11 +37,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p", false, false, defaultValue: null, inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[0]);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -53,11 +55,11 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p", false, true));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p", false, true, defaultValue: null, inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[0]);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             expected.Segments[2].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("super"));
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -93,19 +95,31 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
 
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[0]);
 
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[1].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p2", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[1].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p2",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[1].Parts[0]);
 
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[2].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p3", true, false));
+            expected.Segments[2].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p3",
+                                                                        true,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[2].Parts[0]);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -120,11 +134,15 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("cool-"));
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[1]);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -138,12 +156,16 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[0]);
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("cool-"));
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -157,14 +179,22 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[0]);
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("cool-"));
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p2", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p2",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[2]);
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -179,12 +209,16 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
             var expected = new Template(new List<TemplateSegment>());
             expected.Segments.Add(new TemplateSegment());
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("cool-"));
-            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1", false, false));
+            expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateParameter("p1",
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        false,
+                                                                        defaultValue: null,
+                                                                        inlineConstraint: null));
             expected.Parameters.Add(expected.Segments[0].Parts[1]);
             expected.Segments[0].Parts.Add(TemplatePart.CreateLiteral("-awesome"));
 
             // Act
-            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template);
+            var actual = TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver);
 
             // Assert
             Assert.Equal<Template>(expected, actual, new TemplateEqualityComparer());
@@ -194,7 +228,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_WithRepeatedParameter()
         {
             var ex = ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{Controller}.mvc/{id}/{controller}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{Controller}.mvc/{id}/{controller}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name 'controller' appears more than one time in the route template." + Environment.NewLine + "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
 
@@ -208,7 +242,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_WithMismatchedBraces(string template)
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse(template),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse(template, _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 @"There is an incomplete parameter in the route template. Check that each '{' character has a matching '}' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -217,7 +251,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveCatchAllInMultiSegment()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("123{a}abc{*moo}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("123{a}abc{*moo}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A path segment that contains more than one section, such as a literal section or a parameter, cannot contain a catch-all parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -226,7 +260,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveMoreThanOneCatchAll()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{*p1}/{*p2}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{*p1}/{*p2}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A catch-all parameter can only appear as the last segment of the route template." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -235,7 +269,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveMoreThanOneCatchAllInMultiSegment()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{*p1}abc{*p2}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{*p1}abc{*p2}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A path segment that contains more than one section, such as a literal section or a parameter, cannot contain a catch-all parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -244,7 +278,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveCatchAllWithNoName()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{*}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{*}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name '' is invalid. Route parameter names must be non-empty and cannot contain these characters: '{', '}', '/'. " + 
                 "The '?' character marks a parameter as optional, and can only occur at the end of the parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
@@ -254,7 +288,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveConsecutiveOpenBrace()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{{p1}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{{p1}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "There is an incomplete parameter in the route template. Check that each '{' character has a matching '}' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -263,7 +297,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotHaveConsecutiveCloseBrace()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{p1}}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{p1}}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "There is an incomplete parameter in the route template. Check that each '{' character has a matching '}' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -272,7 +306,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_SameParameterTwiceThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{aaa}/{AAA}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{aaa}/{AAA}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name 'AAA' appears more than one time in the route template." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -281,7 +315,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_SameParameterTwiceAndOneCatchAllThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{aaa}/{*AAA}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{aaa}/{*AAA}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name 'AAA' appears more than one time in the route template." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -290,7 +324,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_InvalidParameterNameWithCloseBracketThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{aa}a}/{z}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{aa}a}/{z}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "There is an incomplete parameter in the route template. Check that each '{' character has a matching '}' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -299,7 +333,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_InvalidParameterNameWithOpenBracketThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{a{aa}/{z}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{a{aa}/{z}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name 'a{aa' is invalid. Route parameter names must be non-empty and cannot contain these characters: '{', '}', '/'. " +
                 "The '?' character marks a parameter as optional, and can only occur at the end of the parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
@@ -309,7 +343,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_InvalidParameterNameWithEmptyNameThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{}/{z}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{}/{z}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name '' is invalid. Route parameter names must be non-empty and cannot contain these characters: '{', '}', '/'. " +
                 "The '?' character marks a parameter as optional, and can only occur at the end of the parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
@@ -319,7 +353,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_InvalidParameterNameWithQuestionThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{Controller}.mvc/{?}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{Controller}.mvc/{?}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name '' is invalid. Route parameter names must be non-empty and cannot contain these characters: '{', '}', '/'. " +
                 "The '?' character marks a parameter as optional, and can only occur at the end of the parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
@@ -329,7 +363,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_ConsecutiveSeparatorsSlashSlashThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}//{z}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}//{z}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route template separator character '/' cannot appear consecutively. It must be separated by either a parameter or a literal value." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -338,7 +372,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_WithCatchAllNotAtTheEndThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{p1}/{*p2}/{p3}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/{p1}/{*p2}/{p3}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A catch-all parameter can only appear as the last segment of the route template." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -347,7 +381,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_RepeatedParametersThrows()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/aa{p1}{p2}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foo/aa{p1}{p2}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A path segment cannot contain two consecutive parameters. They must be separated by a '/' or by a literal string." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -356,7 +390,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotStartWithSlash()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("/foo"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("/foo", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route template cannot start with a '/' or '~' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -365,7 +399,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotStartWithTilde()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("~foo"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("~foo", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route template cannot start with a '/' or '~' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -374,7 +408,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CannotContainQuestionMark()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foor?bar"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("foor?bar", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The literal section 'foor?bar' is invalid. Literal sections cannot contain the '?' character." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -383,7 +417,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_ParameterCannotContainQuestionMark_UnlessAtEnd()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{foor?b}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{foor?b}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "The route parameter name 'foor?b' is invalid. Route parameter names must be non-empty and cannot contain these characters: '{', '}', '/'. " +
                 "The '?' character marks a parameter as optional, and can only occur at the end of the parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
@@ -393,7 +427,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_MultiSegmentParameterCannotContainOptionalParameter()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{foorb?}-bar-{z}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{foorb?}-bar-{z}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A path segment that contains more than one section, such as a literal section or a parameter, cannot contain an optional parameter." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }
@@ -402,7 +436,7 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
         public void InvalidTemplate_CatchAllMarkedOptional()
         {
             ExceptionAssert.Throws<ArgumentException>(
-                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{*b?}"),
+                () => TemplateParser.Parse("{a}/{*b?}", _inlineConstraintResolver),
                 "A catch-all parameter cannot be marked optional." + Environment.NewLine +
                 "Parameter name: routeTemplate");
         }

test/Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Tests/Template/TemplateRouteTests.cs

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Http;
+using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Constraints;
 using Microsoft.AspNet.Testing;
 using Moq;
 using Xunit;
@@ -463,22 +464,34 @@ namespace Microsoft.AspNet.Routing.Template.Tests
 
         private static TemplateRoute CreateRoute(string template, bool accept = true)
         {
-            return new TemplateRoute(CreateTarget(accept), template);
+            return new TemplateRoute(CreateTarget(accept), template, new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver());
         }
 
         private static TemplateRoute CreateRoute(string template, object defaults, bool accept = true, IDictionary<string, object> constraints = null)
         {
-            return new TemplateRoute(CreateTarget(accept), template, new RouteValueDictionary(defaults), constraints);
+            return new TemplateRoute(CreateTarget(accept),
+                                     template,
+                                     new RouteValueDictionary(defaults),
+                                     constraints,
+                                     new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver());
         }
 
         private static TemplateRoute CreateRoute(IRouter target, string template)
         {
-            return new TemplateRoute(target, template, new RouteValueDictionary(), constraints: null);
+            return new TemplateRoute(target,
+                                     template,
+                                     new RouteValueDictionary(),
+                                     constraints: null,
+                                     inlineConstraintResolver: new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver());
         }
 
         private static TemplateRoute CreateRoute(IRouter target, string template, object defaults)
         {
-            return new TemplateRoute(target, template, new RouteValueDictionary(defaults), constraints: null);
+            return new TemplateRoute(target,
+                                     template,
+                                     new RouteValueDictionary(defaults),
+                                     constraints: null,
+                                     inlineConstraintResolver: new DefaultInlineConstraintResolver());
         }
 
         private static IRouter CreateTarget(bool accept = true)